Crazy Crystals- Hurumanu

Aim: To learn about a saturated solution and how to make crystals

Crystal video

Definition of solution: 

A liquid mixture, when something is dissolved into a liquid (eg: sugar in water) 

Definition of saturated: 

Having or holding as much as can be absorbed of something (when no more sugar or borax can be dissolved into the water)

In groups of three you will make three different types of crystals and compare the results.

Borax Crystals

Borax Crystals time lapse video

Ratio; 3 Tablespoons Borax per 1/2 cup water

Materials

1)Borax

2)Water

3)Popsicle Stick

4) Cup

5)pipe cleaner

6) peg

Process

Step 1:  3 Table spoons borax per 1/2 cup of water.

Step 2: add warm water

Step 3:mix untill its fully saturated

Step 4: make any shape out of pipe cleaners

Step 5: stick the longest piece of Pipe cleaner to your peg and peg it up

Step 6: then put it into your cup

Sugar Crystals

Sugar crystals video

Ratio: 1 cup sugar to 1/2 cup water

Materials

1) Sugar

2) String

3)  cup

4)  Popsicle Stick

5) Water

Process

Step 1:Add one cup of sugar to 1/2 cup of water

Step 2:  Mix untill fully saturated

Step 3: get a piece of string and tie it up in the middle of a Popsicle stick

Step 4: wet some of the string then dip it in sugar 

Step 5:then put it in your cup

Salt Crystals

Salt crystals time lapse video

Ratio: 4 Tablespoons salt to 1/2 cup water

Materials

1)Salt

2) Water

3) String

4)  cup

5) Popsicle Stick

Process

Step 1: 4 table spoons salt to 1/2 cup of water

Step 2: mix untill fully saturated

Step 3: tie string to a popsicle stick

Step 4: Wet the string

Step 5: dip it in salt

Step 6: then put it into your cup

Findings

Describe your crystals in the table below.

Crystal Type	Shape (Describe the shape)	Size (of individual crystals)	Hardness (Crumbly to Rock Hard)
Borax
Sugar
Salt

What crystals worked out best and why?:

Conclusion:

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After watching the videos as a class, explain how the following crystals are formed:

Type	Explanation
Salt	As the water evaporates from the solution, the Na and Cl atoms begin to bond together, first as single molecules and then the molecules bond together,forming crystals. Every molecule will form the same shape crystal each time it forms.
Sugar	Sugar  Crystals are  created through processes called crystallization and supersaturation. There is an excess amount of sugar in the sugar vs. water ratio, thus crystals form as the water gradually evaporates
Snowflakes	A snowflake begins to form when an extremely cold water droplet freezes onto a pollen or dust particle in the sky. This creates an ice crystal. As the ice crystal falls to the ground, water vapor freezes onto the primary crystal, building new crystals – the six arms of the snowflake

CRYSTAL TYPES

AIM: TO LOOK AT THE 7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CRYSTALS

Salt Crystals

Sugar Crystals

Borax Crystals

7 different crystal shapes

The 7 types of crystals

Type	Number of sides	2 examples	Image
Triclinic	7	Turquoise Rhodonite
Monoclinic	12	orthoclase, mica
Orthombic	6	sulfur topaz
Trigonal	10	magnesite calcite
Hexagonal	8	quartz calcite
Cubic	6	gahnite magnetite
Tetragonal	16	zircon leucite